An Igbo Elder from Awka, Wearing the Okpu Agha and Holding the Ekpeke, c. 1913

Igbo ArchivesAn Igbo Elder from Awka, Wearing the Okpu Agha and Holding the Ekpeke, c. 1913
An Igbo elder of Awka wearing a war helmet Photographed by Northcote Thomas, c. 1913. Credit: Isioma Ani
An Igbo elder of Awka wearing a war helmet Photographed by Northcote Thomas, c. 1913. Credit: Isioma Ani

This photograph, taken in 1913, shows an Igbo elder from Awka in what is now Anambra State, Nigeria. He is wearing an okpu agha, a traditional war helmet, and holding an ekpeke, a woven shield. These items were part of a warrior’s gear and symbolized strength and readiness to defend the community.


The okpu agha protected warriors during battles, while the ekpeke served as both a shield and a marker of status. This image provides a glimpse into the ways Igbo people prepared for conflicts and the importance of leadership and courage in their society.

The photograph is one of many taken by Northcote Thomas, who documented Igbo life during his time in Nigeria. His work, though valuable for understanding Igbo culture, has also been criticized for its colonial background.

Explore Further

For a deeper exploration of Northcote Thomas’s work and its implications, read our post below on “Northcote Thomas: A Complex Legacy for Igbo Anthropology.”

Historical Insights

Northcote Thomas: A Complex Legacy for Igbo Anthropology

Northcote Whitridge Thomas, an anthropologist appointed by the British government, embarked on a series of ethnographic expeditions in Nigeria from 1909 to 1915. His work, particularly among the Igbo people, left a lasting impact on the study of African cultures. However, his legacy is intertwined with both significant contributions and considerable controversies. Northcote Thomas’s Contributions […]


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Onyeka Nwokike
Onyeka Nwokike
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